Kazakhstan — Trade & Value-Transfer Profile

• Exports of goods and services (USD): $92.07B
• Imports of goods and services (USD): $74.54B
• Trade balance (exports − imports, USD): $17.53B
• Trade (% GDP): 57.16%
• Current account balance (USD): $-7.94B
• Current account (% GDP): -2.72%
• FDI, net: $-3.90B
• Primary income balance, net (USD): $-23.50B
• Secondary income balance, net (USD): $-0.57B
• Financial account, net (USD): $-2.01B
• Portfolio investment, net (USD): $3.81B

ITV Indicators

• Composite value transfer (% GDP): 15.63% GDP (mean)
• Unequal exchange, Köhler (% GDP): 27.38% GDP (mean)
• Income drain (% GDP): 8.55% GDP (mean)
• Debt drain (% GDP): 14.21% GDP (mean)

Value-transfer indicators over time